Grade 9

Soils

(i) Formation of soil due to physical and chemical weathering as well as biological action.
(ii) Identification of soil profile in terms of top soil, subsoil and underlying material; distinguishing between soil particles in sand, silt and clay.
(iii) Components of different types of soils: sand, silt and clay, living and dead organic matter, air and water.
(iv) Types of soil, their characteristics, size of particles, water retention properties and agricultural uses; types of soils found in different regions of India and their
distribution.
(v) Soil erosion, its causes and methods used to reduce soil erosion.

Features of agriculture

(i) The influence of climate and weather (including temperature, evaporation, humidity, rainfall and wind) on agriculture and plant growth; climatic variations found in india and their influence on agriculture.
(ii) Preparation of land for agriculture, common methods of land use for agriculture (including shifting cultivation, settled land tenure and other types of land use).
(iii) Single and multiple cropping patterns, monoculture and mixed farming, rotation of crops.

Agricultural inputs

(i) Plant nutrients (N, P, K as well as trace metals), organic and inorganic sources of nutrients (manure and fertilizers), pH of soils, alkaline and acidic soils.
(ii) Irrigation and water requirements of soil, types of irrigation systems found in India; drainage of soils.
(iii) Crop protection against weeds, pests and diseases by using mechanical, chemical and biological means; common types of crop diseases found in the major Indian food crops.
(iv) Seeds and their influence on yield; special planting techniques such as ratoon sugarcane.

9th grade agricultural science help / agri science lessons / agriculture projects / agricultural science homework help / science assignment help